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        Number20                                                                         November, 2000
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THE LEGAL WHIZZ
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KNOW YOUR RIGHTS
The Legal Resouces Foundation of Zambia is a non-profit making Foundation, providing legal aid, promoting human rights and litigating in the public interest. It fuctions in areas which directly affect the disadvantaged sectors of society in relation to violations of their fundamental rights and the enhancement of justice.
website:www.lrf.org.zm
Domestic Violence

What is Domestic Violence

It is any type of physical violence, which takes place between people who live together as a family. This could be between a husband and wife or a boyfriend and girlfriend or a parent and child, brother-in law and sister- in law.

Physical violence means any kind of attack by one person on another, either using one’s hands, an instrument or weapon such as a belt, a stick, an axe, a hot iron or anything that can harm another person. It could also involve something being thrown at another person.

The legal word for such violence is assault. People usually use the word beating to describe an assault.

Domestic violence also includes behaviour, which does not involve physical attacks, but harms a person emotionally or mentally. For example, a man may prevent his wife from visiting her family, may threaten her with violence, or a woman may constantly ridicule her husband.

Victims of Domestic Violence

Anyone who is beaten by a member of his or her own family is a victim of domestic violence. The largest numbers of victims are women who are beaten by their husbands. However, there are also men who are assaulted by their wives. Many children are beaten by their parents, especially stepparents.

Some victims may be attacked only rarely, but most victims of domestic violence experience many beatings. The beating becomes a regular part of their lives, which they come to expect and sometimes even accept and learn to live with. A woman who is constantly beaten by her husband is often called a battered woman.

What is Wrong With Physical Fighting?

If a member of a family uses physical violence during an argument, it does not bring any solution to the problem being discussed. It means that the person is simply forcing his or her partner or child into submission. The problem will remain. In the end, family problems have to be solved by agreement. The more violence there is, the harder this becomes.

Domestic Violence has bad effects on the

family

It causes injuries, which produce medical expenses and days off work or school.

It makes the home a place of fear rather than a place of comfort and security.

People who observe or experience domestic violence tend to copy it, so it tends to spread and continue in the next generation.

It may result in the marriage coming to an end and the family breaking up.

It also has bad affects on the society

The economy of the country is affected if productive people are injured or upset and cannot work well.

Resources of the health services are exhausted on people injured unnecessarily instead of being used for fighting diseases.

The policy and social welfare officers spend a lot of time on domestic quarrels when they could be dealing with criminals and other desperate cases instead.

What Does a Victim Feel?

A person who is often beaten by their husband, or wife or parent begins to feel and behave differently. Often they develop bad feelings not only about the person who is beating them, but also about themselves and even about other people. Victims experience some or all of these problems:

constant fear of being assaulted;

shame, so they try to hide the truth from others;

guilt, thinking the beating is their fault;

loss of confidence, and feelings of being worthless;

difficulty in concentrating at work or at school;

mistrust of all other people, or all men, or all adults.

If the beating is bad, victims may also have injuries which have to be treated, causing them to miss work, or not be able to care for the family and home.

Most people think about physical injury—broken bones, bruises, and wounds. Many forget that the broken bones are what friends or work mates can see. What they cannot see are the emotional injuries. By this we mean the hurt someone feels inside when they are attacked by someone who is supposed to love and protect them— the feelings of never trusting that person again, of fear, of insecurity that we have mentioned above.

All of these mean that a person’s life is disturbed and they cannot carry on their normal life because they are always frightened and nervous.

What Are the Causes of Domestic Violence?

We know that all families have quarrels and disagreements. There are very few couples who do not argue with each other, and few parents who do not sometimes shout at their children. This is a normal part of the lives of most families. However, why do some families find that whenever there is a quarrel, they fight physically? Why can they not resolve their differences in other ways? What is the real reason for using violence?

Violence is not an expression of love. Usually, it is an expression of anger or frustration, but unfortunately, it is directed against someone whom you love.

Why do Husbands/Boyfriends Beat their Wives/ Girlfriends?

Physical violence by a husband against his wife is often a combination of various causes. But the real reason underlying all of them is a feeling of POWER and CONTROL: if you think about all of the reasons given below, you will see that all of them have something to do with power. A man feels that he should be the dominant person in the home, and in order to show this power he beats his wife.

1. Frustration or anger

This may arise because of a feeling of inferiority due to unemployment, being humiliated or badly treated at work, or lack of success in life. Usually there is something which makes a man feel that he is not the strong, competent man in control of the family that he thinks he should be.

To Be Continued

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